Portable chargers, also known as power banks, store electrical energy in built-in batteries and allow you to charge your devices on the go. When you plug the portable charger into a power source, it charges its internal battery. This stored energy can later be used to charge devices like smartphones, tablets, or other gadgets by connecting them via a USB cable.

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The core components of a portable charger include a lithium-ion or lithium-polymer battery, a circuit board, and various ports for charging. The lithium battery stores the electrical energy, while the circuit board controls the charging and discharging processes to ensure safety and efficiency. When you connect your device to the power bank, the stored energy is transferred from the battery to your device, effectively charging it as if it were connected to a wall outlet.

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Portable chargers come in various capacities, typically measured in milliampere-hours (mAh). Higher capacity chargers can store more energy and provide more charges to your devices. They also feature different types of ports, such as USB-A, USB-C, and sometimes even wireless charging capabilities. These features make portable chargers versatile and convenient for keeping your devices powered up while you're away from traditional power sources.